that could change the dynamic behavior is related to photovoltaics that now, after three years, has set in motion, both in terms of large plants in both the domestic, investment firm, thanks to the encouragement of the Energy Bill, and that paying only only their energy, has made very clear, with regard to viability and thus the bankability of this renewal. Increasingly, renewable energy can be used in combination with each other. Some new single-family homes are, for example, with ever since the construction of photovoltaic systems, solar thermal and geothermal, all technologies related to energy efficiency systems make the houses very passive, ie producono più energia di quella che consumano. Le aziende, inoltre, possono fare un investimento sul medio termine per abbattere il costo dell'energia, utilizzando sistemi a fonti rinnovabili. Anche in virtù del fatto che nei prossimi anni il costo dell'energia tradizionale sarà destinato ad aumentare.
Il panorama degli incentivi per le rinnovabili in Italia è variegato. Si va dal Conto Energia per il fotovoltaico, alla tariffa omnicomprensiva, passando per i certificati bianchi. Da non sottovalutare, inoltre, tutte quelle misure legate all'efficientamento energetico che prevedono l'incentivazione delle rinnovabili, come nel caso del solare termico che gode della detrazione del 55%. Inoltre, in alcuni casi le Regioni si sono activated to provide additional incentives that are integrated with those of the state.
Among the renewable technologies most commonly used include:
- Photovoltaics, Solar Thermal
- ;
- low enthalpy geothermal ;
- Mini hydroelectric ;
- Mini wind .
PHOTOVOLTAIC
Small, medium and large PV systems today are more renewable energy systems installed in Italy, thanks also encouraging that even with the new Energy Bill will remain the next three years, despite the reductions, very interesting. Photovoltaics is the most versatile renewable, available and adaptable to user needs and conditions of installation. Unfortunately, to date, there are still a number of difficulties with the installation of PV on condominiums, but anyone with a flap detached house facing south, with no shade can install it with good results. The same goes for companies that provide coverage and industry are able to save on phone bills, thanks to the exchange on place and have an additional income. Many banks financing photovoltaic systems in ways that allow an advance at the expense of lower overall profitability, very small compared to the total investment.
SOLAR THERMAL
The European Union defines the solar heat as the sleeping giant, both because of its enormous potential both for being a non-renewable electricity , which is to have a clear virtuoso on that big slice of consumption associated with the use of thermal energy. Today's solar thermal investment costs low is with regard to the household sector, for sanitation purposes, for both businesses, for which you may want to use the high thermal efficiency combined with the recovery of heat from industrial processes. For both sectors, and the service sector, it is interesting to use solar heat for the cooling (solar cooling), which allows the use of solar energy combining with the increasing demand for greater availability of cold. Regarding the reliability solar thermal systems are now sufficiently standardized and reliable.
low enthalpy geothermal
renewable Geothermal energy is a little known but which may offer good potential. The relative youth of the technology, its applicability only in particular contexts such as new construction, renovations and where you have sufficiently large areas of land are all factors that have led to achieve even a few installations in Italy. Geothermal energy has been successfully applied in the housing units but is particularly suited to commercial, where they often build new facilities such as offices and shopping centers. In such cases, where the works for geothermal wells in parallel following the work of foundations, its application becomes convenient, as long as you are on a site with good features for the exchange of geothermal heat.
MINI HYDROPOWER
It 's the renewable discounts not applied because the need for major works that make it very suitable for home use, although there are generators that can be used cheaply into waterways like streams. The need to alter the course of rivers and streams, even with the systems to read fluently, often submit the mini hydro, to a considerable authorization process. It is a renewable resource that can be used con profitto da aziende che hanno la disponibilità di un corso d'acqua o di una pubblica amministrazione che dispone magari di un impianto dismesso negli anni sessanta a seguito della nazionalizzazione dell'energia elettrica. Gli attuali sistemi di telecontrollo consentono di realizzare impianti non presidiati da operatori, cosa che in molti casi ne minerebbe alla base la redditività. A fronte di investimenti importanti i sistemi mini idroelettrici sono caratterizzati da una lunga durata che può arrivare a svariati decenni.
MINI EOLICO
Il mini eolico è caratterizzato da una buona facilità e rapidità installation and an equally serious viability pact to be in an area with adequate wind speed. For this reason it is necessary, not to make an investment in vacuum or deficit, making accurate and effective analysis in the field of long-term to get a picture about the exact location of the wind in which to install the wind turbine. Wind maps available, in fact, are not sufficient, because with small wind turbines, whose towers are also a few meters, you can come into play factors like the presence of trees and buildings in changing winds in the area. Today, technologies and materials available for small wind turbines are increasing and are on the market of vertical axis turbines are capable of working both with winds that strong.
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