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L'integrazione architettonica innovativa dei moduli fotovoltaici è soggetta a nuove tariffe

Il terzo Conto Energia , entrato in vigore il primo gennaio scorso e normato secondo il Decreto Ministeriale del 6 agosto 2010, si inserisce in uno scenario di rapida crescita degli impianti fotovoltaici in Italia, dovuto sostanzialmente alle tariffe incentivanti messe a disposizione dal Conto Energia 2005, e soprattutto grazie a quelle del Conto Energia 2007. Il Conto Energia attualmente in vigore, rispetto a quanto fatto in precedenza, ha però un merito, e cioè quello di enfatizzare il ruolo dell'architettura come luogo privilegiato per l'inserimento degli impianti fotovoltaici. E per farlo, è stato scelto il modo più efficace possibile: sono state destinate agli impianti roof mounted much higher rates than all other plants, and above all have been awarded innovative applications aimed at the architecture. In this way, photovoltaic systems are no longer only the means to produce energy from renewable sources , but are promoted to the role of real building components: the PV module becomes part of the building. In fact a step in this direction had already been done with the 2007 Energy Bill that, compared to the previous one, had introduced the concept of photovoltaic partially or fully integrated. But the third Energy Bill went further. In DM 6/8/2010, in fact, innovative applications aimed at the architectural have a specific incentive rate, reserved for those plants using special modules and components developed specifically to complement and replace the architectural elements of buildings, an example for all the tiles or photovoltaic solar modules in structural glass. To qualify for these special fares, facilities must have a minimum output of 1 kW and not more than 5 MW must be installed on buildings, must use special solar modules or components, its surface must meet the requirements of complete integration of architecture, and must be connected to electricity or to small isolated systems, so that each PV system is characterized by a single point of grid connection is not shared with other PV systems. Practically, to fall into this category, the forms should replace the architectural components of buildings and must play a coating of parts of the building otherwise done by building components. As stated in Title III of DM 6/8/2010, photovoltaic systems that use special modules and components specifically designed to integrate and replace architectural elements of buildings are entitled to an incentive rate and different than the other types of plants. Keep in mind that these rates will be valid for tutto il 2011 e che nel 2012 e nel 2013 subiranno una decurtazione del 2% annuo. Anche in questo caso, le tariffe sono erogate per un periodo di 20 anni, a decorrere dalla data di entrata in esercizio dell'impianto, e rimangono costanti per l'intero periodo di incentivazione. I soggetti che possono beneficiare di questi incentivi sono: le persone fisiche, le persone giuridiche, i soggetti pubblici e i condomini. Ecco le tariffe speciali in dettaglio : Potenza espressa in kW compresa tra 1 e 20, 0,44 euro al kWh; potenza compresa tra 20 e 200 kW, 0,40 euro al kWh; potenza compresa tra 200 e 5000 kW, 0,37 euro al kWh .

Ma quali caratteristiche devono possedere gli impianti fotovoltaici per poter accedere alle tariffe speciali?

Per accedere alle tariffe speciali, gli impianti fotovoltaici devono essere realizzati con moduli e componenti particolari:

1. Moduli e componenti speciali, sviluppati specificatamente per integrarsi e sostituire elementi architettonici di edifici quali le coperture degli edifici, le superfici opache verticali, le superfici trasparenti o semitrasparenti, superfici apribili e assimilabili quali porte, finestre e vetrine anche se non apribili comprensive degli infissi.
2. Moduli e componenti che abbiano significative innovazioni di carattere tecnologico.
3. Moduli progettati e realizzati industrialmente per svolgere, oltre alla produzione di energia elettrica, anche funzioni architettoniche fondamentali quali la protezione e regolazione termica dell'edificio, la tenuta all'acqua e l'impermeabilizzazione della struttura edilizia e la tenuta meccanica comparabile con l'elemento edilizio sostituito. 

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Quanto costano i pannelli fotovoltaici?

Quanto costano i pannelli fotovoltaici? I dati raccolti da Enea indicano che il costo medio di 1 kW è pari a circa 3.500 - 4.000 euro. I moduli fotovoltaici alla base di questo preventivo sono moduli ordinari in silicio policristallino . E' chiaro dunque che queste cifre possono variare, in positivo e in negativo, anche del 30%, in funzione della qualità and type of modules installed. Depending on the type of the selected panels, also changes the size. Monocrystalline panels, set in approximately 8 square meters of roof per kW, while those of amorphous silicon will take up a lot more about 20 square meters per kW. Whereas for an installation for an average family of 4 includes the installation of a 3 kW, the account is easily done: it takes about 10,500 to 12,000 euro, all inclusive, turnkey. Of course this is just an example, because the size of the plant depends not so much the number of people who live in that house, or from the surface of the property, but from what the family is energy-consuming. If you're wondering if there are other costs to consider, know that maintenance is virtually non-existent, because there will only be paid the costs of cleaning the panels.

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Bikini, boxer, abiti e ombrelloni fotovoltaici

bras, boxer shorts and umbrellas PV! No joke! Worldwide, solar energy is harnessed to best meet the varied needs and so, in view of the beautiful season that is about to arrive, even in the field of renewable energy patents are stepping forward to say the least imaginative. Andrew Schneider, for example, who works as a designer, has invented a solar bikini nothing short of revolutionary! While remaining a garment comfortable to wear and, according of its inventor, even a little sexy bikini is covered entirely by a photovoltaic film that can store the sunlight, allowing the wearer to recharge devices such as iPod or laptop. Schneider's idea is to apply this technology to male boxer, who had a greater area, could be used to charge electronic devices particularly greedy in terms of energy consumption. But not all! The multinational company Konarka Technologies has developed Powerbrella (pictured) , a photovoltaic umbrella that can store solar energy in the evening then redistributing it to all electronic devices on the beach (from the cold bar, games, computers), thanks to a series of outlets housed on the waterfront. Konarka is now considering setting up a complete collection of clothes photovoltaic , where each fiber is made of a stainless steel wire of nanometer thick, covered with three layers of organic photovoltaic material, and another wire, covered with paste 'silver, which acts as electrodes. Another umbrella designed by Greg Freer, called Sunbrella, photovoltaic cells is characterized by two meters in diameter, can generate 280 watts, enough to power a small refrigerator, recharge your mobile phone and other electronic instruments that accompany the our daily activities.